The Human Fossil Record:
A Digital Resource for Research and Education

Collections

• National Museums of Kenya [1058]
  • Medical CT scans [75]
  • MicroCT scans [983]
• Ditsong National Museum of Natural History [3321]
  • Kromdraai [420]
  • Swartkrans [2901]
• Espace muséal d’Andenne [139]
  • Scladina [139]
• Jersey Museum [58]
  • La Cotte de St Brelade [58]
• McGregor Museum [15]
  • Equus Cave [15]
• MiC-SABAP Imperia Savona [435]
  • Museo Archaeologico del Finale [424]
    • Arene Candide [335]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand [1]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fifth distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fifth intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fifth proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left first distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left first proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fourth distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fourth intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left fourth proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left second distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left second intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left second proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left third distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left third intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand left third proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right fifth distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right fifth proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right first distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right first proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right fourth distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right fourth intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right fourth proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right second distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right second intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right second proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right third distal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right third intermediate phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hand right third proximal phalanx [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hyoid body [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hyoid horn [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens hyoid horn 2 [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left calcaneus [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left capitate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left fifth metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left first metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left fourth metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left hamate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left lunate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left pisiform [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left scaphoid [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left second metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left talus [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left third metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left trapezoid [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens left triquetral [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens mandible [5]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right capitate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right fifth metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right first metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right fourth metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right hamate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right lunate [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right scaphoid [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right second metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right talus [4]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right third metacarpal [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right trapezium [6]
      • Arene Candide 2 H. sapiens right trapezoid [6]
    • Le Fate [89]
      • La Fate 1B H. neanderthalensis parietal fragment [5]
      • La Fate 1C H. neanderthalensis cranial fragment [5]
      • La Fate 1D H. neanderthalensis cranial fragment [5]
      • La Fate 4 H. neanderthalensis frontal fragment [5]
      • La Fate 5 H. neanderthalensis LLDM2 [5]
      • La Fate 6 H. neanderthalensis LRM [5]
      • La Fate 7 H. neanderthalensis URP3 [6]
      • La Fate 8 H. neanderthalensis ULP3 [6]
      • La Fate 9 H. neanderthalensis molar [5]
      • La Fate 10 H. neanderthalensis hand intermediate phalanx [5]
      • La Fate 11 H. neanderthalensis ULI2 [6]
      • La Fate 12 H. neanderthalensis LLM [5]
      • La Fate 13 H. neanderthalensis URM [5]
      • La Fate 14 H. neanderthalensis ULDM1 [5]
      • La Fate 14 H. neanderthalensis ULDM1 root [5]
      • La Fate 15 H. neanderthalensis LLC [6]
      • La Fate 16 H. neanderthalensis right zygomatic [5]
  • Santa Lucia Superiore [11]
    • SLuciaSup 97 579 H. neanderthalensis right first proximal foot phalanx [5]
    • SLuciaSup 97 592 H. neanderthalensis femur shaft [6]
• Musée des Confluences [150]
  • Gorilla [36]
  • Hylobates [30]
  • Pan [84]
• Musée Archéologie Nationale [6]
  • La Quina [6]
• Museum für Naturkunde [8]
• National Museum of Lao PDR [8]
  • TNH2-1 Denisovan EDJ [1]
  • TNH2-1 Denisovan OES [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 1 H. sapiens frontal [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 1 H. sapiens maxilla [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 2 H. sapiens mandible [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 3 H. sapiens partial mandible [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 6 H. sapiens frontal [1]
  • Tam Pa Ling 7 H. sapiens tibia fragment [1]
• National Museum of Natural History [185]
  • Unprovenienced human teeth [185]
• Naturalis Biodiversity Center [10]
  • Trinil [10]
• Natural History Museum, United Kingdom [30]
  • Boxgrove England [2]
  • Devil's Tower Gibraltar [22]
  • Forbes Quarry Gibraltar [1]
  • Kabwe Broken Hill Zambia [1]
  • Singa Sudan [1]
  • Swanscombe England [1]
  • Skhul Israel [1]
  • Tabun Israel [1]
• Publications [227]
  • Skinner M. M. Gunz P. 2010 The presence of accessory cusps in chimpanzee lower molars is consistent with a patterning cascade model [161]
  • Chapple and Skinner 2022 Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited [64]
  • Mussi et al. 2023 Science [1]
  • Davies et al. Dental morphology in Homo habilis [1]
• Rockefeller Museum [26]
  • Qafzeh [26]
• Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung [53]
  • SMF-PA-PC-21 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-21 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-50 P. t. verus cranium [6]
  • SMF-PA-PC-50 P. t. verus mandible [5]
  • SMF-PA-PC-51 P. t. verus cranium [6]
  • SMF-PA-PC-51 P. t. verus mandible [5]
  • SMF-PA-PC-82 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-82 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-92 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-92 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-99 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-99 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-100 P. t. verus cranium [6]
  • SMF-PA-PC-100 P. t. verus mandible [5]
  • SMF-PA-PC-104 P. t. verus cranium [6]
  • SMF-PA-PC-106 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-106 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-117 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-117 P. t. verus mandible [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-406 P. t. verus cranium [1]
  • SMF-PA-PC-406 P. t. verus mandible [1]
• State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart [106]
  • Steinheim [101]
  • Reilingen [5]
• University of Kent [753]
  • NGA88 SK48 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK48 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK48 H. sapiens maxilla [5]
  • NGA88 SK72 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK72 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK86 H. sapiens cranium [8]
  • NGA88 SK86 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK170 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK170 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK227 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK227 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK227 H. sapiens maxilla [5]
  • NGA88 SK229 H. sapiens cranium [6]
  • NGA88 SK229 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGA88 SK287 H. sapiens cranium [8]
  • NGA88 SK319 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK319 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK319 H. sapiens mandible highres [8]
  • NGA88 SK319 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGA88 SK341 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK341 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK376 H. sapiens mandible highres [8]
  • NGA88 SK376 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGA88 SK444 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK444 H. sapiens mandible [9]
  • NGA88 SK491 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK491 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK563 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK563 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK578 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK578 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK578 H. sapiens mandible highres [8]
  • NGA88 SK578 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGA88 SK593 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK593 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK632 H. sapiens cranium [6]
  • NGA88 SK657 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK657 H. sapiens mandible highres [7]
  • NGA88 SK657 H. sapiens maxilla [6]
  • NGA88 SK660 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK708 H. sapiens mandible highres [6]
  • NGA88 SK708 H. sapiens maxilla [6]
  • NGA88 SK742 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGA88 SK742 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGA88 SK749 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK749 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK750 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK750 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK752 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK752 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK766 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK766 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK798 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK798 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK830 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK830 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK860 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK860 H. sapiens mandible highres [6]
  • NGA88 SK860 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGA88 SK889 H. sapiens mandible highres [6]
  • NGA88 SK889 H. sapiens maxilla [8]
  • NGA88 SK917 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK917 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK919 H. sapiens cranium [8]
  • NGA88 SK919 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGA88 SK932 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK932 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK932 H. sapiens mandible highres [5]
  • NGA88 SK977 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK977 H. sapiens mand dent [7]
  • NGA88 SK977 H. sapiens mandible [6]
  • NGA88 SK977 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGA88 SK1030 H. sapiens mandible highres [8]
  • NGA88 SK1053 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK1053 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK1067 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGA88 SK1067 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGA88 SK1130 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGA88 SK1130 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGA88 SK1212 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK1212 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK1218 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGA88 SK1218 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGA88 SK1222 H. sapiens cranium [9]
  • NGA88 SK1222 H. sapiens mandible [9]
  • NGB89 SK4 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGB89 SK4 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGB89 SK6 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK18 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGB89 SK22 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK22 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGB89 SK22 H. sapiens maxilla [7]
  • NGB89 SK36 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK36 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGB89 SK51 H. sapiens cranium [8]
  • NGB89 SK51 H. sapiens mandible [7]
  • NGB89 SK52 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK52 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGB89 SK72 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK72 H. sapiens mandible [8]
  • NGB89 SK73 H. sapiens cranium [5]
  • NGB89 SK73 H. sapiens mandible [5]
  • NGB89 SK73 H. sapiens maxilla [6]
  • NGB89 SK81 H. sapiens cranium [7]
  • NGB89 SK81 H. sapiens mandible [8]
• University of Liège [17]
  • Engis [17]
• University of the Witwatersrand [1980]
  • Makapansgat [79]
  • Rising Star [1217]
  • Sterkfontein [684]
• Online Teaching Resources [31]
  • Fossil hominins [6]
  • Living primates [8]
  • Modern humans [1]
  • Lab exercises for university students [3]
  • Activities for kids [13]

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